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Didactic Usage of Invasive Species of Trees in Education at Lower Secondary Schools
Vavřina, Jan ; Chocholoušková, Zdenka (advisor) ; Hrouda, Lubomír (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the problem with invasive species of trees in teaching at the 2nd grade of primary schools. The main goal of this work is the research of natural at the second level of elementary schools with an emphasis on invasive tree species. As another goal, the author set himself to find out, using a suitably prepared pretest, the entry level of knowledge before the actual teaching of this topic. After completing the course, verify the acquired knowledge and compare it with the initial knowledge using the same posttest. Another goal of the work is to acquaint students, through appropriately chosen teaching methods and forms, with the topic of invasive trees that grow near their place of living. The student will become familiar with the basic features, invasive behavior, mapping and subsequent disposal of the selected invasive tree species. In this work, the questioning method is used, where the students, through pretests and posttests, answer questions that reflect the information contained in some textbooks of biology for the 2nd grade of elementary schools. The results in the research part were processed into tables and the data recorded in them were processed graphically for clarity. The results of this work indicate that the topic of invasive woody species occurs only...
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The Level of Lower Secondary School Students Data Literacy in the Context of Environmental Education
Navrátil, Vlastimil ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Nejedlý, Adam (referee)
This thesis focuses on data literacy and its application in the field of environmental and science literacy. The aim of this thesis was to map data literacy in environmental education among second grade elementary school students. This aim of the thesis was fulfilled through a test that involved data analysis, sorting and comparing data, and making decisions based on the data presented in the context of an environmental situation within four environmental education tasks. It was found that, on average, 68% of the pupils were able to extract the correct data from the attached maps, graphs and tables, 59% of the pupils were able to compare the data correctly with each other and 60% of the pupils were able to use the data presented to make decisions in the context of the environmental situation. KEYWORDS Data, Data Literacy, Environmental Literacy, Information, Natural History, Natural Science, Pupil.
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Reading Literacy in Natural History at Primery School
Žižková, Pavlína ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
The master's thesis focuses on the research of reading literacy in classes of natural history at primery school. The theoretical part describes reading literacy, its aspects and the development of reading literacy at primary school, including methods for developing reading literacy. This section also introduces the latest results from the PIRLS 2021, TIMSS 2019 and PISA 2015 international surveys. The second part of the thesis introduces the research of reading literacy in natural history among pupils of the 6th grade of primary school, in which three-tier tasks were used. A total of 55 pupils participated in the research. The goal of the research was to find out the students' ability to work with a science text. The second goal was to find out to what extent the pupils are sure of their answers when working with a science text. In the second part, the research methodology, the research sample and the results of the empirical investigation are further described. In the conclusion, the individual goals of the research are commented on and procedures are established that will lead to greater development of reading literacy in natural history lessons. The results showed that less than 80% of the pupils from the research sample can work effectively with a science text and can search for the necessary...
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Quaternary climate changes: Analysis of the primary/secondary and high school textbooks
HAVLÍKOVÁ, Adriana
The bachelor's thesis deals with climatic changes in the Quaternary and its content in natural history, geography, and history textbooks for elementary and high schools. In the first part, we learn about the basic terms for a better understanding of the issue. Furthermore, both natural and anthropogenic causes, consequences, and development of climate changes in history from prehistoric times to the present. The second part of the thesis focuses on the analysis of the topic of climate change in textbooks. The results are summarized in a clear table. The main goal of the work was to analyse the information that are obtained in the textbooks to evaluate whether the topics which, are contained in the textbooks, are sufficient for students for fully understanding. At the end, a worksheet for the 9th grade of elementary school was created as a supplemental curriculum, which is intended to help with the correct understanding of the topic of climate change and to avoid misinterpretations.
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Interdisciplinary relationships in the educational areas of Human Biology and Mathematics at Lower Secondary Level
VAVRUŠKOVÁ, Radka
The main target of the diploma thesis was the creation of worksheets on the topic of intersubject relationships of natural history and mathematics, which focus on 6 topics. The worksheets link the 8th grade science curriculum - human biology and mathematics. The other target is to enable students to adopt learning strategies and to motivate them. Encourage students to think creatively, think logically and solve problems. The didactic target of the worksheets is the acquisition, deepening and consolidation of the subject matter and the involvement of intersubject relationships. Worksheets and created questionnaires are used in three primary schools for a total of 91 students, of which 49 are boys and 42 are girls. Eight research questions were asked: Do the overall evaluations of the worksheets differ between individual groups of students? Yes. The results of the tests of primary school students (pilot study) were not included in the comparison. The overall percentage evaluation of the two groups of ES2 and one group of ES3 practically did not differ (about 40 %). The difference in the average values of the results of two parallel groups of ES3 was calculated as statistically significant (p = 0.034). Are overall worksheet grades correlate statistically significantly with report card grades? Yes. The correlation coefficient in group B1 was -0.817 for girls, boys had a correlation of -0.892. In group B2, the correlation for boys is -0.765, for girls it is 0.141 (exception from the observed trend, statistically insignificant relationship). Group C1 correlation result for girls is -0.833 and for boys -0.990. In the last group C2, the correlation is -0.811 for boys and -0.962 for girls. Does the student's estimate of points obtained as a percentage correlate positively with the actual grade? Yes. In (ES1) group A1 correlation 0.569, group A2 correlation 0.664. School (ES2) group B1 correlation 0.489, group B2 correlation 0.555. School (ES3) group C1 correlation 0.854 and group C2 correlation 0.382. There is a positive correlation here. Which areas cause the students the biggest problems and which ones do they manage best? Students had the biggest problem when preparing the worksheets with the range of questions from the topic of the digestive system and anthropometry, on the contrary, they coped best with the topic of axial symmetry. To what extent do the students know the concept of intersubject relationships? 36 % of students know the concept of intersubject relationships, but do not encounter them in lessons. Would students like more cross-curricular connections in maths and science lessons? Only 11 students out of a total of 91 answered that they would like more cross-curricular connections in maths and science lessons. In the opinion of the students, can the teacher include inter-subject relationships in the teaching? He can, but only in some subjects. What is the popularity of the subjects with students (is it important to motivate and activate students)? The average popularity score for mathematics from all schools is 3.5 and for science 3.1. The feedback showed that most students found the worksheets difficult, some praised the interesting connection between mathematics and science. The feedback from the teachers was generally positive, some suggested division into smaller units always related to the discussed topic, which also corresponds to the idea of the author of the work, which could not be fulfilled for organizational reasons.
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Using CLIL in Teaching First Aid and German at Lower Secondary Level
JUNGVIRTHOVÁ, Monika
The Master's thesis deals with the Content and Language Integrated Learning in German (CLILiG) of the topic of first aid, which is part of the subject of natural history at upper primary school. Its main goal was to create four CLILiG activities and verify them in practice. The theoretical part describes the key concepts associated with the creation of activities. It focuses on the general principles, objectives, methods and assessment in the CLIL approach, which links content and language learning. Attention is paid mainly to CLILiG approach. The methodological support and connection of CLILiG with the topic of first aid at upper primary school was also analysed. The practical part is focused on the creation and verification of activities with the topics of first aid for fractures, bleeding, loss of consciousness, burns and epileptic seizures. The research connected with their verification took place during natural history lessons of Year 8 pupils at the primary school in České Budějovice. The results showed that the proposed activities increase pupils' knowledge of first aid even more than during lessons without CLIL (p = 0.043). However, the effect of CLILiG on longer-term memorization has not been demonstrated via pretest-posttest design (p = 0.072). Pupils also rated the completed CLILiG activities; they liked the didactic game First Aid the most (average grade 1.7). At the beginning of the research, a short questionnaire survey was conducted, in which pupils included in the experiment participated. It showed that pupils were interested in learning natural history through a foreign language (10% of pupils would really enjoy it, 42% of pupils would enjoy it, 38% of pupils did not know, 10% of pupils would not enjoy it). However, they would prefer the English language (78% chose English, 13% English and German). Acquisition of foreign language skills in connection with the topic of first aid is then considered important (82.6% of pupils) and useful (87% of pupils).
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Dářská rašeliniště nature trail - the use in primary science education
PÓLOVÁ, Monika
The Bachelor thesis deals with the possibilities of interconnecting the nature trail Velké Dářko with natural history lessons at elementary school. The theoretical part defines the educational goals of the Framework Educational Program of basic education in the area of human and nature. The practical part contains excursions - walking routes with activities that lead to the fulfilment of the above mentioned objectives.
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Educative possibilities on flowers and fruits morphology in examples of important plant species
SLÁDKOVÁ, Eva
The diploma thesis follows up on the issues addressed in the bachelor's thesis. It focuses on the possibilities of teaching the morphological structures of flowers and fruits of flowering plants. The results are transformed into a form that can be used effectively in teaching. The work contains several teaching materials. Specifically, two chapters which introduce teaching presentations and worksheets on the topic of Flower and Fruit.
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Students' understanding of illustrations used in biology textbooks
HRŮZOVÁ, Marcela
The bachelor's thesis Students' understanding of illustrations used in biology textbooks deals in the first part with what a textbook is, what is its function in education and what is the purpose of the pictorial material contained in it. A partial part is the analysis of selected textbooks of natural history and biology with regard to human biology. Part of the analysis is the analysis of textbooks in terms of the occurrence of illustrations that are in them. Especially their number and type are analyzed. Another part of the bachelor thesis deals with the results of the questionnaire survey. The following discussion discusses the results and compares them with other studies. The aim of this bachelor's thesis was to use a questionnaire survey to find out whether primary school students understand illustrations in science and biology textbooks. Whether they understand them, they can orient themselves in them and whether they are understandable to them. Pupils' attitudes and opinions on illustrations, textbooks and natural sciences in general were also surveyed. A total of 103 pupils aged 14-16 years participated in the research. Each student received a questionnaire of two A4 pages. The subsequent evaluation was carried out on the basis of predetermined criteria. It was found that students like to have pictures in textbooks, most of them would welcome even more. They prefer photos to cartoons. Color illustrations seem to them more attractive. The pictures in the textbooks seem clear to them. When a teacher puts them to the test, most of them claim that it is not difficult for them to describe such a picture. However, there were not many pupils in this survey who correctly described all the pictures that were included in the questionnaire. Only less than 13 % of respondents succeeded.
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Biology Textbooks Evaluation from the Perspectives of Teachers
Šindelářová, Kateřina ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (advisor) ; Svobodová, Silvie (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on selected textbooks used for teaching natural history and their evaluation by teachers who work with them. The work aims to find out teachers opinions on the quality and practical use of natural history textbooks from the publishing house "Fraus, Nová škola - Duha and SPN". The work is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, the basic concepts related to textbooks are explained, and attention is paid to their evaluation and use possibilities. The research uses a questionnaire survey method to evaluate selected natural history textbooks by teachers. It focuses on specific work with a textbook, on topics that, according to the respondents, are not appropriately treated, and topics that are entirely missing or need not be in the book. The subsequent analysis of the collected data shows teachers' different approaches to using the textbook; some share only selected topics with their students, and homework assignments may also vary. In addition, most teachers think that not all topics are handled correctly, nor are they all genuinely essential. KEYWORDS textbook, natural history, topic, use, Fraus, Nová škola - Duha, SPN
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